Brain plasticity refers to the ability of the brain to change its structure even after development is complete.
Environmental Enrichment is the stimulation of the brain by its surroundings.
There are 3 components to environmental enrichment: Social enrichment, Activity enrichment and Sensory enrichment.
At Mendability, we focus on Sensory Enrichment.
Sensory Enrichment is a form of therapy that uses two or more senses concurrently, which results in a significant reduction of the discomfort that the autistic brain is experiencing.
Animal studies have shown for a very long time that an enriched environment that provides more sensory and motor experiences leads to improvements in brain development.
In 1947 Donald Hebb found that rats raised as pets performed better on problem-solving tests than rats raised in cages (1).
In the 1960’s Mark Rosenzweig showed the measurable differences between the brains of rats raised in small cages, and the brains of rats that had access to all sorts of toys and could play with other rats.
Rosenzweig established that Environmental Enrichment increased the size and weight of their brains. The brains of the enriched rats had more brain cells, more connections, and a stronger auxiliary system to support this enhanced brain activity (2).
Hebb DO (1947). “The effects of early experience on problem solving at maturity”. American Psychologist 2: 306–7.
Krech D, Rosenzweig MR, Bennett EL (December 1960). “Effects of environmental complexity and training on brain chemistry”. J Comp Physiol Psychol 53 (6): 509–19.
Transition made from slides of neurons taken at 0 months, then 3 months, then 6 months into a brain enrichment program.
Prenatal alcohol
Prenatal cocaine
Prenatal stress
Lead exposure
Stroke
Seizures
Brain lesions
Percussive head injury
Neural transplants
Neuronal death in aging
Valproic acid*
Huntington’s disease
Parkinson’s disease
ALS
Cerebellar degeneration
LTP deficits
Loss of NMDA receptors
Alzheimer’s disease
Down syndrome
Fragile X syndrome*
Repetitive behavior*
Rett syndrome*
*Animal models of autism
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